Chemical |
Maleic anhydride |
CAS-number : |
108-31-6 |
|
Synonyms : |
2,5-furandioni |
cis-butenedioic anhydride |
dihydro-2,5-dioxofuran |
maleic acid anhydride. |
Maleiinianhydridi |
|
Sumformula of the chemical : |
C4H2O3 |
EINECS-number : |
2035716 |
|
Molecular weight : |
98.06 |
|
Vapor pressure, mmHg : |
0.41 |
at 25°C, Daubert & Danner 1985 |
|
Melting point, °C : |
52.8 |
Howard 1989 |
52.7 |
52.7-52.8, MITI 1992 |
|
Boiling point, °C : |
202 |
Howard 1989 |
202.2 |
MITI 1992 |
|
Volatilization : |
Maleic anhydride should not volatilize appreciable from water or
moist soil due to its rapid hydrolysis.
Volatilization from
dry soil or surfaces should be slow due to its relatively low
vapor pressure (Howard 1989).
|
|
Other physicochemical properties : |
Decomposes.
(Weast 1986)
|
|
Photochemical degradation in air : |
Although maleic anhydride absorbs UV radiation above 290 nm, no
irformation could be found concerning its photolysis
(Howard 1989).
Maleic anhydride readly reacts with ozone and hydroxyl radicals
in the atmosphere, estimated atmospheric half-life is 1.7 hr
(Cupitt 1980).
|
|
Other reactions in atmosphere : |
In the vapor phase hydrolysis is completed in 21 hr at 96%
relative humadity, while no hydrolysis occurs at 50% relative
humidity (Rosenfeld & Murphy 1967).
Maleic anhydride readly reacts with ozone and hydroxyl radicals
in the atmosphere, estimated atmospheric half-life is 1.7 hr
(Cupitt 1980).
|
|
Hydrolysis in water : |
Maleic anhydride hydolyzes rapidly in water at room temperature
to give maleic acid (half-life 0.37 min, at 25°C in initially
neutral solution) (Bunton et al. 1963).
|
|
Total degradation in water : |
Biodegradation:
55% by BOD (on the upward trend)
period: 14d
substance: 100 mg/l
sludge: 30 mg/l
(MITI 1992)
|
|
Ready biodegradability : |
Confirmed to be biodegradable (Anon. 1987). |
|
Other information of degradation : |
It was obtained 68.9 and 74.0% theoretical BOD in fresh and
salt water, respectively (Takemoto et al. 1981).
It was reported that 99% removal was achieved in 4 hr by
activated sludge (Matsui 1975).
It was reported that 40 - 60 % theoretical BOD in 5 days with
sewage inoculum (Heukelekian & Rand 1955) (Verschueren 1983).
Maleic anhydride has been characterized as biodegradable during
biological sewage treatment (Thom & Agg 1975).
|
|
LC50 values to fishes, mg/l : |
235 |
96hr, Gambusia affinis, Jones 1971 |
|
-- |
150 |
24hr, Lepomis macrochirus |
|
Turnbull et al. 1954 |
References |
1848 | Anon. 1987a.
The list of the existing chemical substances tested
on biodegradability by microorganisms or bioaccumulation in
fish body by Chemicals Inspection & Testing Institute.
Ministry
of International Trade and Industry, MITI.
Japan. |
3076 | Bunton, C.
A. et al. 1963.
J.
Chem.
Soc. 1963: 2918 - 2926. |
2994 | Daubert, T.
E. and Danner, R.
P. 1985.
Data Compilation Tables
of Properties of Pure Compounds. pp 450.
American Institute of
Chemical Engineers.
|
2965 | Heukelekian, H. and Rand, M.
C. 1955.
J Water Pollut Control
Assoc. 29: 1040 - 1053. |
3047 | Howard, P.
H. 1989.
Handbook of Environmental Fate and
Exposure Data for Organic Chemicals.
Vol.
I: Large Production
and Priority Pollutants.
Lewis Publishers, Inc.
Chelsea. pp 574.
|
675 | Jones, H.R. 1971.
Environmental control in the organic and
petrochemical industries.
Noyes Data Corporation 1971. |
3072 | Kopcynski, S.
L. et al. 1972.
Environ.
Sci Technol. 6: 342. |
3051 | Matsui, S. et al. 1975.
Prog.
Water Technol. 7: 645 - 659. |
3105 | MITI 1992.
Biodegradation and bioaccumulation data of existing
chemicals based on the CSCL Japan.
Compild under the Safety
Division Basic Industries Bureau Ministry of International
Trade & Industry, Japan.
Edited by Chemicals Inspection &
Testing Institute, Japan.
|
3077 | Rosenfeld, J.
M. & Murphy, C.
B. 1967.
Talenta 14: 91. |
2967 | Takemoto, S. et al. 1981.
Suishitsu Okadu Kenkyu 4: 80 - 90. |
1440 | Turnbull, H., DeMann, J.H. & Weston, R.F. 1954.
Toxicity
of various refinery materials to fresh water fish.
Ind.
Eng.
Chem. 46(2): 324 - 333. |
1468 | Verschueren, K. 1983.
Handbook of environmental data of
organic chemicals.
Van Nostrand Reinhold Co.
Inc., New York.
1310 s. |
3078 | Weast, R.
C. 1986.
Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 67th ed. |