Chemical |
Isophorone |
CAS-number : |
78-59-1 |
|
Synonyms : |
1,5,5-Trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-3-one |
iso-oktafenoni |
Isoforoni |
|
Sumformula of the chemical : |
C9H14O |
EINECS-number : |
2011260 |
|
Uses : |
Solvent; intermediate (?).
|
|
Odor : |
Quality: sharp
Hedonic tone: unpleasant to pleasant
Threshold odour concentration
absolute: 0.20 ppm
50 % recognition: 0.54 ppm
100 % recognition: 0.54 ppm
Odour index 100 % recognition: 2 444
(Hellman & Small 1974)
|
|
Molecular weight : |
138 |
|
Water solubility, mg/l : |
12000 |
(20°C), MITI 1992 |
|
Melting point, °C : |
-8.1 |
MITI 1992 |
|
Boiling point, °C : |
215.2 |
MITI 1992 |
|
Log octanol/water coefficient, log Pow : |
1.67 |
Anon 1988 |
|
Henry's law constant, Pa x m3/mol : |
4.8 |
Anon 1988 |
|
Mobility : |
Equilibrium distribution:
mass %
air 65.92
water 33.83
solid 0.25
(Anon 1988)
|
|
Photochemical degradation in air : |
Photooxidation half-life in air:
0.411hr - 3.13hr,
scientific judgement based upon estimated rate constants for
reaction with hydroxyl radical in air (Howard 1991).
|
|
Half-life in air, days : |
0.02 |
0.411hr - 3.13hr, |
0.13 |
scientific judgement based upon estimated |
|
photooxidation half-life in air, |
|
Howard 1991 |
|
Half-life in soil, days : |
7 |
7d - 4w, |
28 |
scientific judgement based upon estimated |
|
unacclimated aqueous aerobic biodegradation |
|
half-life, |
|
Howard 1991 |
|
Half-life in water, days : |
7 |
7d - 4w, |
28 |
in surface water, scientific judgement based upon |
|
estimated unacclimated aqueous aerobic |
|
biodegradation half-life: |
14 |
in ground water, scientific judgement based upon |
|
estimated unacclimated aqueous aerobic |
|
biodegradation half-life, |
|
Howard 1991 |
56 |
|
|
Aerobic degradation in water : |
Aerobic half-life:
7d - 4w,
scientific judgement based upon estimated aqueous
aerobic biodegradation screening test data (Howard 1991).
|
|
Anaerobic degradation in water : |
Anaerobic half-life:
28d - 16w,
scientific judgement based upon estimated unacclimated aqueous
aerobic biodegradation half-life (Howard 1991).
|
|
Total degradation in water : |
Biodegradation:
1.5% by BOD
period: 14d
substance: 100mg/l
sludge: 30 mg/l
(MITI 1992)
|
|
Bioconcentration factor, fishes : |
1.1 |
1.1 - 1.8, 6w, Cyprinus carpio, conc 0.5 mg/l, |
1.8 |
|
10 |
< 10, 6w, Cyprinus carpio, conc 0.05 mg/l, |
|
Effects on wastewater treatment : |
Removal/secondary treatment:
98%,
removal percentage based upon data from a continuous activated
sludge biological treatment simulator (Howard 1991).
|
|
LC50 values to crustaceans, mg/l : |
120 |
48hr, Daphnia magna, LeBlanc 1980 |
|
LC50 values to fishes, mg/l : |
145 |
145 - 255, 96hr, grw, juv. |
255 |
Pimephales promelas |
|
Cairns & Nebeker 1982 |
|
-- |
220 |
96hr, Lepomis macrochirus |
|
Buccafusco et al. 1981 |
|
-- |
340 |
48hr, Oryzias latipes, MITI 1992 |
|
-- |
228 |
96 hr, Pimephales promelas, Geiger et al. 1990 |
|
EC50 values to fishes, mg/l : |
217 |
96 hr, mbt, Pimephales promelas, Geiger et al. 1990 |
|
LOEC values to fishes, mg/l : |
144 |
grw, juv., Cyprinodon variegatus |
|
Ward & Parrish 1980 |
|
-- |
14 |
grw, juv., Pimephales promelas |
|
Cairns & Nebeker 1982 |
|
Other information of water organisms : |
EC50 (24hr), 420 mg/l, rpd, Tetrahymena pyriformis (Yoshioka et
al. 1985).
|
References |
2357 | Anon 1988.
Concentrations of industrial organic chemicals
measured in the environment: The influence of physico - chemical
properties, tonnage and use pattern.
Technical report no 29.
European chemical industry ecology & toxicology centre, ECETOC.
pp. 105. |
207 | Buccafusco, R.J., Ells, S.J. & LeBlanc, G.A. 1981.
Acute
toxicity of priority pollutants to bluegill (Lepomis
macrochirus).
Bull.
Environ.
Contam.
Toxicol. 26: 446 - 452. |
226 | Cairns, M.A. & Nebecker, A.V. 1982.
Toxicity of
acenaphthene and isophorone to early life stages of
fathead minnows.
Arch.
Environ.
Contam.
Toxicol. 11: 703 - 707. |
3297 | Geiger, D.
L. et al. 1990.
Acute toxicities of organic
chemicals to fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) Vol 5.
Center for Lake Superior Environmental Studies, University of
Winsconsin-Superior, Superior, Winconsin, U.S.A. 332.
|
1673 | Hellman, T.M. & Small, F.H. 1974.
Characterization of the odour
properties of 101 petrochemicals using sensory methods.
J.
Air
Pollut.
Control Assoc. 24: 979 - 982. |
3120 | Howard, P.H., Boethling, R.S., Jarvis, W.F., Meylan, W.M. &
Michalenko, E.M., Handbook of Environmental Degradation Rates,
1991.
Lewis Publicers, Inc., Chelsea, Michigan, U.S.A.,
pp. 725.
|
798 | LeBlanc, G.A. 1980.
Acute toxicity of priority pollutants
to water flea (Daphnia magna).
Bull.
Environm.
Contam.
Toxicol. 24: 684 - 691. |
3105 | MITI 1992.
Biodegradation and bioaccumulation data of existing
chemicals based on the CSCL Japan.
Compild under the Safety
Division Basic Industries Bureau Ministry of International
Trade & Industry, Japan.
Edited by Chemicals Inspection &
Testing Institute, Japan.
|
1509 | Ward, G.S. & Parrish, P.R. 1980.
Evaluation of early life stage
toxicity tests with embryos and juveniles of sheepshead
minnows.
In: Aquatic toxicology, ASTM STP 707.
Eaton, J.G.,
Parrish, P.R. & A.C.
Hendricks, A.C.
(eds.)
American Society
for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia. pp. 243 - 247. |
1766 | Yoshioka, Y., Ose, Y. & Sato,T. 1985.
Testing the toxicity of
chemicals with Tetrahymena pyriformis.
Sci.
Total.
Environ.
43:149. |