| Chemical |
Ethanol |
| CAS-number : |
64-17-5 |
| |
| Synonyms : |
| Etanoli |
| ethyl alcohol. |
| etyylialkoholi |
| methylcarbinol |
| metyylikarbinoli |
| |
| Sumformula of the chemical : |
| C2H6O |
| EINECS-number : |
| 2005786 |
| |
| Uses : |
Solvent.
|
| |
| Molecular weight : |
46.07 |
| |
| Melting point, °C : |
| -117.3 |
|
| |
| Boiling point, °C : |
| 78.5 |
|
| |
| Log octanol/water coefficient, log Pow : |
| -0.3 |
Sangster 1989 |
| |
| Henry's law constant, Pa x m3/mol : |
| 0.8234 |
calc. Yaws et al. 1991 |
| 0.6373 |
Hine & Mookerjee 1975 |
| |
| Volatilization : |
Relative volatility (nBuAc=1) = 3.3
|
| |
| Photochemical degradation in air : |
Photooxidation half-life in air:
12.2hr - 122hr,
based upon measured rate constant for reaction with hydroxyl
radical in air (Howard 1991).
|
| |
| Photochemical degradation in water : |
Photooxidation half-life in water:
334d - 36.6yr,
based upon measured rate constant for reaction with hydroxyl
radical in water (Howard 1991).
|
| |
| Half-life in air, days : |
| 0.51 |
12.2hr - 122hr, |
| 5.08 |
based upon photooxidation half-life in air, |
| |
Howard 1991 |
| |
| Half-life in soil, days : |
| 0.11 |
2.6hr - 24hr, |
| 1 |
based upon soil die-away test data, |
| |
Howard 1991 |
| |
| Half-life in water, days : |
| 0.27 |
6.5hr - 26hr, |
| 1.08 |
in surface water, scientific judgement based upon |
| |
estimated unacclimated aqueous aerobic |
| |
biodegradation half-life, |
| 0.54 |
13hr - 52hr, |
| 2.17 |
in ground water, scientific judgement based upon |
| |
estimated unacclimated aqueous aerobic |
| |
biodegradation half-life, |
| |
Howard 1991 |
| |
| Aerobic degradation in water : |
Aerobic half-life:
6.5hr - 26hr,
based upon river die-away test data for one sample of water
from one river (Howard 1991).
|
| |
| Anaerobic degradation in water : |
Anaerobic half-life:
26hr - 104hr,
scientific judgement based upon estimated unacclimated aqueous
aerobic biodegradation half-life (Howard 1991).
|
| |
| LD50 values to mammals in oral exposure, mg/kg : |
| 21000 |
orl-rat |
| |
| Maximum longterm immission concentration in air for plants,mg/m3 : |
| 100 |
VDI 2306 |
| |
| Maximum longterm immission concentration in air for plants,ppm : |
| 50 |
VDI 2306 |
| |
| Effects on microorganisms : |
Toxicity threshold (cell multiplication inhibition test):
bacteria (Pseudomonas putida): 6500 mg/l
(Bringmann & Kühn 1980a)
|
| |
| Effects on wastewater treatment : |
Removal/secondary treatment 67%,
based upon biological oxygen demand results from an activated
sludge dispersed seed aeration treatment simulator
(Howard 1991).
|
| |
| EC50 values to microorganism, mg/l : |
| 33672 |
Biodegradation inhibition, Vaishnav 1986 |
| |
| LC50 values to crustaceans, mg/l : |
| 9268 |
9268 - 14221, 48hr, Daphnia magna |
| 14221 |
Takahashi et al. 1987 |
| |
-- |
| 3715 |
3715 - 6772, 48hr, Daphnia magna |
| 6772 |
Takahashi et al. 1987 |
| |
-- |
| 7750 |
96hr, 10 °C, Nitocra spinipes |
| |
Linden et al. 1979 |
| |
| LC50 values to fishes, mg/l : |
| 11200 |
24hr, Salmo trutta, Majewski et al.1978 |
| |
-- |
| 11050 |
7 d, Poelicia reticulata, Smith 1974 |
| |
-- |
| 14200 |
96hr, Pimephales promelas |
| |
Veith et al. 1983 |
| |
-- |
| 10000 |
10000 - 11500, 96hr, 10 °C |
| 11500 |
Linden et al. 1979 |
| |
-- |
| 15300 |
96 hr, Pimephales promelas |
| 14200 |
96 hr, Pimephales promelas, Brooke et al. 1984 |
| |
| EC50 values to fishes, mg/l : |
| 12900 |
96 hr, bhv, Pimephales promelas |
| 14200 |
96 hr, bhv, Pimephales promelas, Brooke et al. 1984 |
| |
| Other information of water organisms : |
LOEC 65 mg/l, rpd, schr, Entosiphon sulcatum (Bringmann & Kühn
1980a).
Toxicity threshold (cell multiplication inhibition test):
green algae (Scenedesmus quadricauda): 5000 mg/l
protozoa (Entosiphon sulcatum): 65 mg/l
(Bringmann & Kühn 1980a)
|
References |
| 188 | Bringmann, G. & Kühn, R. 1980a.
Comparison of the toxicity
thresholds of water pollutants to bacteria, algae and
protozoa in the cell multiplication inhibition test.
Water
Res. 14: 231 - 241. |
| 3295 | Brooke, L.
T. et al. 1984.
Acute toxicities of organic
chemicals to fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas); Vol 1.
Center for Lake Superior Environmental Studies University of
Wisconsin-Superior, Superior, Wisconsin, U.S.A.
|
| 3045 | Hine, J. & Mookerjee, P.
K. 1975.
J.
Org.
Chem. 40: 292 - 298.
|
| 3120 | Howard, P.H., Boethling, R.S., Jarvis, W.F., Meylan, W.M. &
Michalenko, E.M., Handbook of Environmental Degradation Rates,
1991.
Lewis Publicers, Inc., Chelsea, Michigan, U.S.A.,
pp. 725.
|
| 831 | Linden, E., Bengtsson, B-E., Svanberg, O. & Sundström, G.
1979.
The acute toxicity of 78 chemicals and pesticide
formulations against two brackish water organisms, the
bleak (Alburnus alburnus) and the harpacticoid Nitocra
spinipes.
Chemosphere 11/12: 843 - 851. |
| 875 | Majewski, H.S., Klaverkamp, J.F. & Scott, D.P. 1978.
Acute
lethality and sublethal effects of acetone, ethanol and
propyleneglycol on the cardiovascular and respiratory
system of rainbow trout.
Water Res. 13: 217 - 221. |
| 3104 | Sangster, J. 1989.
Octanol-water partition coefficients of
simple organic compounds.
J.
Phys.
Chem.
Ref.
Data, Vol 18, No.
3: 1111 - 1229. |
| 1797 | Takahashi, I.T., Cowgill, U.M. & Murphy, P.G. 1987.
Comparison
of ethanol toxicity to Daphnia magna and Ceriodaphnia dubia
tested at two different temperatures: Static acute toxicity
test results.
Bull.
Environ.
Contam.
Toxicol. 39: 229 - 236. |
| 2416 | Vaishnav, D.
D. 1986.
Chemical structure-biodegradation
inhibition and fish acute toxicity relationships for narcotic
industri chemicals.
Toxicity Assessment 1: 227. |
| 1456 | Veith, G.D. et al. 1983.
Estimating the acute toxicity of
narcotic industrial chemicals to fathead minnows.
In:
Aquatic toxicology and hazard assessment: sixth symposium.
ASTM STP 803.
Bishop, W.E. et al.
(eds.).
Am.
Soc.
Test.
Mater, Philadelphia, Pa, 90. |
| 2413 | Walker, J.
D. 1987.
Effects of chemicals on microorganisms.
Journal WPCF 59 (6): 614 - 625. |
| 3030 | Yaws, C., Yang, H-C. & Pan, X. 1991.
Henry's law constants for
362 organic compounds in water.
Chemical Engineering.
November.
p 179 - 185. |
