Chemical |
Benzonitrile |
CAS-number : |
100-47-0 |
|
Synonyms : |
Bentsonitriili |
benzenecarbonitrile |
phenylcyanide. |
|
Sumformula of the chemical : |
C7H5N |
EINECS-number : |
2028557 |
|
Molecular weight : |
103.12 |
|
Spesicif gravity (water=1) : |
1.01 |
at 15/15 °C |
|
Water solubility, mg/l : |
10000 |
at 100 °C |
10000 |
MITI 1992 |
|
Melting point, °C : |
-13 |
|
-14.3 |
MITI 1992 |
|
Boiling point, °C : |
190.7 |
|
190.7 |
MITI 1992 |
|
Log octanol/water coefficient, log Pow : |
1.56 |
|
1.55 |
ANON 1986 |
1.56 |
Sangster 1989 |
|
Henry's law constant, Pa x m3/mol : |
55.33 |
calc. Yaws et al. 1991 |
|
Total degradation in water : |
Biodegradation:
63.4% by BOD
period: 14d
substance: 100 mg/l
sludge: 30 mg/l
(MITI 1992)
|
|
Ready biodegradability : |
Confirmed to be biodegradable (Anon. 1987). |
|
LD50 values to birds in oral exposure, mg/kg : |
100 |
>100, orl-Agelaius phoeniceus |
100 |
>100, orl-Sturnus vulgaris |
|
Schafer et al. 1983 |
|
Effects on microorganisms : |
Toxicity threshold (cell multiplication inhibition test):
Bacteria (Pseudomonas putida): 11 mg/l (Bringmann & Kühn 1980). |
|
LOEC values to algae, mg/l : |
3.4 |
rpd, schr, Microcystis aeruginosa, |
|
Bringmann & Kuhn 1976 |
75 |
rpd, schr, Scenedesmus quadricauda, |
|
Bringmann & Kuhn 1980a |
|
LC50 values to fishes, mg/l : |
78 |
srv, act, 96 hr, Pimephales promelas, |
|
Jones 1971 |
400 |
srv, act, 96 hr, Lepomis macrochirus, |
|
Jones 1971 |
78 |
srv, act, 96 hr, - "- - " - |
|
Henderson et al. 1960 |
130 |
srv, act, 96 hr, Branchydanio rerio, |
|
Wellens 1982 |
54 |
54 - 97, srv, act, 48 hr, Leuciscus idus |
97 |
Wellens 1982 |
|
Other information of water organisms : |
Toxicity threshold (cell multiplication inhibition test):
Algae (Microcystis aeruginosa): 3.4 mg/l
(Bringmann & Kühn 1976)
Green algae (Scenedesmus quadricauda): 75 mg/l
Protozoa (Entosiphon sulcatum): 30 mg/l
Protozoa (Uronema parduczi): 119 mg/l
(Bringmann & Kühn 1980).
Adult bluegills: no organoleptic influence at 35 mg/l (McKee &
Wolf 1963).
|
References |
1848 | Anon. 1987a.
The list of the existing chemical substances tested
on biodegradability by microorganisms or bioaccumulation in
fish body by Chemicals Inspection & Testing Institute.
Ministry
of International Trade and Industry, MITI.
Japan. |
2283 | Anon.1986a.
Evaluation of the OECD laboratory intercomparison
testing on the determination of the partition coefficient
n-octanol-water by reverse phase HPLC.
Report.
Fraunhofer-Institut für Umweltchemie und Ökotoxikologie. |
187 | Bringmann, G. & Kühn, R. 1976.
Vergleichende Befunde der
Schadwirkung wassergefährdender Stoffe gegen Bakterien
(Pseudomonas putida) und Blaualgen (Microcystis aeruginosa).
Gwf-Wasser-Abwasser 117(9). |
188 | Bringmann, G. & Kühn, R. 1980a.
Comparison of the toxicity
thresholds of water pollutants to bacteria, algae and
protozoa in the cell multiplication inhibition test.
Water
Res. 14: 231 - 241. |
189 | Bringmann, G. & Kühn, R. 1980b.
Bestimmung der biologischen
Schadwirkung wassergefahrdender Stoffe gegen Protozoen.
II.
Bakterienfressende Ciliaten, Z.
Wasser/Abwasser Forsch. 1: 26 -
31. |
571 | Henderson, C., Pickering, Q.H. & Lemke, A.E. 1960.
The
effect of some organic cyanides (nitriles) on fish.
Purdue
Univ.
Eng.
Bull.
Ext.
Ser. 106: 120 - 30.
Lafayette, Ind. |
675 | Jones, H.R. 1971.
Environmental control in the organic and
petrochemical industries.
Noyes Data Corporation 1971. |
921 | McKee, J.W. & Wolf, H.W. 1963.
Water quality criteria.
The
Resources Agency of California, State Water Quality Control
Board. |
3105 | MITI 1992.
Biodegradation and bioaccumulation data of existing
chemicals based on the CSCL Japan.
Compild under the Safety
Division Basic Industries Bureau Ministry of International
Trade & Industry, Japan.
Edited by Chemicals Inspection &
Testing Institute, Japan.
|
3104 | Sangster, J. 1989.
Octanol-water partition coefficients of
simple organic compounds.
J.
Phys.
Chem.
Ref.
Data, Vol 18, No.
3: 1111 - 1229. |
1743 | Schafer , E.W.Jr., Bowles, W.A.Jr., Hurlbut, J. 1983.
The acute
oral toxicity, repellency and hazard potential of 993 chemicals to
one or more species of wild and domestic birds.
Arch.
Environ.
Contam.
Toxicol. 12: 355 - 382. |
1468 | Verschueren, K. 1983.
Handbook of environmental data of
organic chemicals.
Van Nostrand Reinhold Co.
Inc., New York.
1310 s. |
1531 | Wellens, H. 1982.
Comparison of the sensitivity of
Branchydanio rerio and Leucistus idus by testing the fish
toxicity of chemicals and wastewaters.
Z.
Wasser Abwasser
Forsch.
(Ger.) 15: 49. |
3030 | Yaws, C., Yang, H-C. & Pan, X. 1991.
Henry's law constants for
362 organic compounds in water.
Chemical Engineering.
November.
p 179 - 185. |