| Chemical |
Acephate |
| CAS-number : |
30560-19-1 |
| |
| Synonyms : |
| acetylphosphoramidothioic acid O,S-dimethyl ester |
| Asefaatti |
| O,S-dimethylacetylphosphoroamidothioate |
| Orthene. |
| Phosphoramidothioic acid, acetyl-, O,S-dimethyl ester |
| |
| Sumformula of the chemical : |
| C4H10NO3PS
|
| EINECS-number : |
| 2502412 |
| |
| Molecular weight : |
183.18 |
| |
| LD50 values to mammals in oral exposure, mg/kg : |
| 321 |
orl-mam, Sweet 1987 |
| 233 |
orl-mus |
| 700 |
orl-rat |
| |
| LD50 values to mammals in non-oral exposure , mg/kg : |
| 700 |
unk-rat, Virtanen & Nuuja 1987 |
| 351 |
unk-mus |
| 380 |
unk-Peromyscus leucopus |
| 321 |
unk-Microtus pennsylvanicus |
| |
-- |
| 2000 |
skn-rbt, Sweet 1987 |
| |
| LDLo values to mammals in oral exposure, mg/kg : |
| 681 |
orl-dog, Sweet 1987 |
| |
| LCLo values to mammals in inhalation exposure, mg/kg : |
| 2200 |
5hr, ihl-mus, Sweet 1987 |
| |
| Mutagenicity : |
unscheduled DNA synthesis:
human: fibroblast, 1000 mg/l;
gene conversion and mitotic recombination:
S. cerevisiae; 50000 ppm;
gene mutation in mammalian cells:
mouse, lymphocyte, 1000 mg/l;
microbial mutation without S9:
E.coli, 5 mg/plate; S. typhimurium, 3 mg/plate;
microsomal assay:
S. typhimurium, 50 mg/plate; S. cerevisiae, 3 pph;
sister chromatid exchange:
hamster, ovary, 2000 mg/l (Sweet 1987).
|
| |
| LD50 values to birds in oral exposure, mg/kg : |
| 106 |
orl-domestic bird, Sweet 1987 |
| 852 |
orl-chicken |
| 350 |
orl-dck |
| |
| Effects on plants : |
Increases in either fertilizer level or temperature resulted in
increased levels of phytotoxicity when plants were sprayed with
recommended rates (0.4 g/l) of acephate (Chase & Poole 1984).
|
| |
| LC50 values to crustaceans, mg/l : |
| 7.3 |
srv, act, 96 hr, Mysidopsis bahia, |
| |
Anon. 1981 (EPA 600/4-81-041) |
| 3.8 |
srv, act, Penaeus duorarum, Anon. 1981 |
| |
| LC50 values to fishes, mg/l : |
| 2740 |
srv, act, 96 hr, Salmo gaidneri, Geen et |
| |
al. 1984 |
| 1880 |
srv, act, 25 hr, " " |
| |
Duangsawasdi & Klaverkamp 1979 |
| 85 |
srv, act, 96 hr, Lagodon rhomboides, |
| |
Anon. 1981 |
| |
| EC50 values to fishes, mg/l : |
| 12600 |
phy, act, Salmo gairdneri, Watson et al. |
| |
1984 |
| |
| Effects on physiology of water organisms : |
Salmo gairdneri, 1 d, 100 - 400 mg/l, enzyme effect (Zinkl et al.
1987).
|
References |
| 65 | Anon. 1981a.
Miljövänlig tillverkning av blekt massa.
Slutrapport.
Svenska cellulosa- och pappersbrukförening. 182 s. |
| 66 | Anon. 1981b.
Wasserschadstoff-Katalog.
Institut für
wasserwirtschaft, Berlin.
Januar 1981.
Ab 652/63/81. |
| 1799 | Chase, A.R. & Poole, R.T. 1984.
Severity of acephate
phytotoxicity on Spathiphyllum Schott. cv.
Clevelandii as
influenced by host nutrition and temperature, J.
Am.
Soc.
Hortic.
Sci. 109 (2): 168 - 172. |
| 364 | Duangsawasdi, M. & Klaverkamp, J.F. 1979.
Acephate and
fenitrothion toxicity in rainbow trout: effects of
temperature stress and investigations on the sites of action.
In: Aquatic toxicology, ASTM STP 667.
Marking,L.L. & Kimberle,
R.A.
(eds.)., 35, Amer.
Soc. for Testing & Materials,
Philadelphia, Pa. |
| 470 | Geen, G.H., McKeown, B.A. & Oloffs, P.C. 1984.
Acephate
in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri): acute toxicity, uptake,
elimination.
J.
Environ.
Sci.
Health B19: 131 - 155. |
| 2102 | Pickering, Q., Carle, D.O., Pilli, A., Willingham, T. &
Lazorchak, J.M. 1989.
Effects of pollution on freshwater
organisms.
Journal WPCF 61 (6): 998 - 1042. |
| 2101 | Sweet, D. 1987.
Registry of toxic effects of chemical
substances 1985 - 1986 edition.
U.S.
Department of health and
human services. |
| 1771 | Virtanen, M. & Nuuja, I. 1987.
Kemikaalien myrkyllisyys
luonnonvaraisille nisäkkäille.
Ympäristöministeriö.
Ympäristön-
ja luonnonsuojeluosasto.
Sarja D: 26. |
| 1516 | Watson, T.A., Tilley, P.A.G., McKeown, B.A. & Geen, G.H. 1984.
In vitro effects of acephate on acetylcholinesterase activity in
the brain and gills of rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri.
J.
Environ.
Sci.
Health, Part B: B19 ISS(2): 171 - 181. |
| 2107 | Zinkl, J.G. et al. 1987.
Effects of cholinesterases of rainbow
trout exposed to Acephate and Methamidophos.
Bull.
Environ.
Contam.
Toxicol. 38: 22. |
