| Chemical |
Anthracene |
| CAS-number : |
120-12-7 |
| |
| Synonyms : |
| Antraseeni |
| |
| Sumformula of the chemical : |
| C14H10 |
| EINECS-number : |
| 2043711 |
| |
| Uses : |
Dyes.
|
| |
| Molecular weight : |
178.23 |
| |
| Spesicif gravity (water=1) : |
| 1.25 |
|
| |
| Vapor density (air=1) : |
| 6.15 |
|
| |
| Water solubility, mg/l : |
| 1.29 |
at 25 °C in distilled water |
| 0.6 |
at 25 °C in salt water |
| 1 |
< 1, MITI 1992 |
| |
| Melting point, °C : |
| 216.2 |
216.2 - 216.4 °C |
| 216.4 |
|
| 217 |
MITI 1992 |
| |
| Boiling point, °C : |
| 340 |
|
| 339.9 |
MITI 1992 |
| |
| Log octanol/water coefficient, log Pow : |
| 4.45 |
|
| 4.54 |
Chin et al. 1986 |
| 4.33 |
Chin et al. 1986 |
| 4.34 |
Mackay 1982 |
| 4.5 |
Sangster 1989 |
| |
| Adsorption/desorption : |
Adsorption on smectite clay particles from simulated seawater at
25 °C - experimental conditions: 0.1 mg anthracene/l; 50 mg
smectite/l-adsorption: 0.0009 mg/mg = 46 % adsorbed (Meyers &
Oas 1978).
|
| |
| Other bindings : |
After 3 hr incubation in natural seawater, 11 % of 0.015 mg/l
were taken up by suspended aggregates of dead phytoplankton
cells and bacteria (Verschueren 1983).
|
| |
| Photochemical degradation in air : |
Photolysis half-life in air:
1.7hr - 0.58hr, based upon measured aqueous photolysis rate
constant for midday summer sunlight at 35°N latitude (low t1/2)
and adjusted for approximate winter sunlight intensity (high
t1/2).
Photooxidation half-life in air:
5.01hr - 0.501hr, scientific judgement based upon estimated
rate constant for reaction with hydroxyl radical in air
(Howard 1991).
|
| |
| Photochemical degradation in water : |
Aquatic photolysis half-life:
1.7hr - 0.58hr, based upon measured aqueous photolysis rate
constant for midday summer sunlight at 35°N latitude (low t1/2)
and adjusted for approximate winter sunlight intensity (high
t1/2).
Photooxidation half-life in water:
4.39yr - 46.3d, based upon measured rate constant for reaction
with alkylperoxyl in water (Howard 1991).
|
| |
| Half-life in air, days : |
| 0.07 |
1.7hr - 0.58hr, |
| 0.02 |
scientific judgement based upon photolysis half-life in water. |
| |
Howard 1991 |
| |
| Half-life in soil, days : |
| 454 |
1.26yr - 50d, |
| 50 |
based upon aerobic soil die-away test data. |
| |
Howard 1991 |
| |
| Half-life in water, days : |
| 0.07 |
1.7hr - 0.58hr, |
| 0.02 |
in surface water: scientific judgement based upon photolysis half-life in water. |
| 907 |
2.52yr -100d, |
| 100 |
in ground water: scientific judgement based upon estimated unacclimated aqueous aerobic biodegradation half-life. |
| |
Howard 1991 |
| |
| Aerobic degradation in water : |
Aerobic half-life:
1.26yr - 50d, based upon aerobic soil die-away test data
(Howard 1991).
|
| |
| Anaerobic degradation in water : |
Anaerobic half-life:
5.04yr - 200d, scientific judgement based upon estimated
unacclimated aqueous aerobic biodegradation half-life (Howard
1991).
|
| |
| Total degradation in water : |
Biodegradation:
1.9% by BOD
period: 14d
substance: 100 mg/l
sludge: 30 mg/l
(MITI 1992)
|
| |
| Ready biodegradability : |
Confirmed to be non-biodegradable (Anon. 1987). |
| |
| Other information of metabolism : |
Daphnia pulex:
Excretion of 14C - after 16 hr incubation with 14C-anthracene
and subsequent transfer to clean water resulted in a rapid
release (1 hr) of about 30 % of the total 14C, a more slow
elimination of roughly 60 % with a half-life of 3.3 hr and a
tightly bound residue of 8 %.
The observed rate of metabolite excretion during the first 24 hr
of excretion was only 6 % of the total 14C outflux rate
(Herbes & Risi 1978).
|
| |
| Bioconcentration factor, fishes : |
| 1660 |
1660 - 2820, 8w, Cyprinus carpio, conc 0.015 mg/l, |
| 2820 |
|
| 903 |
903 - 2710, 8w, Cyprinus carpio, conc 0.0015 mg/l, |
| 2710 |
MITI 1992 |
| |
-- |
| 7260 |
Poecilia reticulata, female 3-6 mo, AQUIRE 1994 |
| |
| Other information of bioaccumulation : |
Bioconcentration factor (mollusca):
430, 2 days, oysters/water
2500, 8 days, oysters/water
(Lee et al. 1978).
Bioconcentration factor (crustaceans):
760, Daphnia pulex (Herbes & Risi 1978).
Confirmed to be accumulated on a medium level (Anon. 1987).
|
| |
| Carcinogenicity : |
Carcinogenicity: negative (Verschueren 1983).
|
| |
| Mutagenicity : |
Mutagenicity in the Salmonella test: negative;
< 0.01 revertant colonies/n mol
< 70 revertant colonies at 1 mg/plate
(Verschueren 1983).
|
| |
| LD50 values to birds in oral exposure, mg/kg : |
| 111 |
>111, orl-Agelaius phoeniceus |
| 244 |
>244, orl-Passer domesticus |
| |
Schafer et al. 1983 |
| |
| Effects on anthropods : |
LC50, 1 day; < 0.001 mg/l, Aades aegypti
LC50, 1 day; 0.260 mg/l, Aades taeniorhynchus
LC50, 1 day; 0.037 mg/l, Culex quinquefasciatus
(Borovsky et al. 1987).
|
| |
| EC50 values to algae, mg/l : |
| 0.0033 |
0.0033-0.024, 24 hr, pht, Selenastrum capricornutum, |
| 0.024 |
AQUIRE 1994 |
| |
| LC50 values to fishes, mg/l : |
| 210 |
> 210, 48hr, Oryzias latipes, MITI 1992 |
| |
-- |
| 0.0028 |
0.0028-0.046, 96 hr, Lepomis macrochirus, |
| 0.046 |
AQUIRE 1994 |
| |
| NOEC values to fishes, mg/l : |
| 5 |
srv, act, 24 hr, Salmo trutta, Meinck et |
| |
al. 1970 |
| |
| Other information of water organisms : |
Algae: inhibition of photosynthesis of a freshwater, non axenic
uni-algal culture of Selenastrum capricornutum at:
1 % saturation: 99 % carbon-14 fixation (vs. controls)
10 % saturation: 104 % carbon-14 fixation (vs. controls)
100 % saturation: 99 % carbon-14 fixation (vs. controls)
(Verschueren 1983).
Fish: trout; no effect level: 5 mg/l, 24hr (Meinck et al. 1970).
Lethal threshold concentration (LT50): Daphnia magna; 0.015 mg/l
0.21 days (Newsted & Giesy 1987).
Lethal threshold concentration (LT50): Pimephales promelas;
0.0054 mg/l, 0.66 days (Oris et al. 1987).
|
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| 1848 | Anon. 1987a.
The list of the existing chemical substances tested
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Ministry
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| 3107 | AQUIRE 1993 -.
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U.S.Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Pesticides and
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|
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Wat Res. 20 (11): 1443 - 1450. |
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G.F. 1978.
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|
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