| Chemical |
Nickel |
| CAS-number : |
7440-02-0 |
| |
| Synonyms : |
| Nikkeli |
| |
| Sumformula of the chemical : |
| Ni |
| EINECS-number : |
| 2311114 |
| |
| Molecular weight : |
58.71 |
| |
| LDLo values to mammals in oral exposure, mg/kg : |
| 5 |
orl-gpg,Lewis & Sweet 1984 |
| |
| Effects on plants : |
Soybean seeds (Glycine max) were planted in acid-washed sand.
Beginning 5 days after seed germination the sand was saturated
with metal solutions: Ni at 1 ppm caused reductions in stem and
foliage dry weights (leaves and stems contained 0.00140 mg Ni/g
(Vesper & Weidensaul 1978).
Two cultivars of cotton (Gossypium spp.) were grown in solution
culture.
NiSO4 was phytotoxic at 0.00001 M
(Rehab & Wallace 1978d).
|
| |
| EC50 values to algae, mg/l : |
| 0.012 |
96hr,Selenastrum capricornutum |
| 0.013 |
7d, Selenastrum capricornutum |
| |
Chiaudani & Vighi 1978 |
| |
| LC50 values to crustaceans, mg/l : |
| 0.13 |
21d, Daphnia magna |
| 0.51 |
48hr, without food, Daphnia magna |
| 1.12 |
48hr, with food, Daphnia magna |
| |
Biesinger & Christensen 1972 |
| |
-- |
| 0.697 |
0.697-1.034, 48hr, Daphnia pulicaria, |
| 1.034 |
AQUIRE 1994 |
| |
-- |
| 119 |
Ni(II), mbt, 96hr, Asellus aquaticus |
| 435 |
Ni(II), mbt, 48hr, Asellus aquaticus |
| 66.1 |
Ni(II),mbt,96hr,Crangonyz pseudogracilis |
| 252 |
Ni(II),mbt,48hr,Crangonyz pseudogracilis |
| |
Martin & Holdich 1986 |
| |
-- |
| 2000 |
Ni(II), 72hr, Asellus aquaticus |
| |
Braginskiy & Sherban 1978 |
| |
| EC50 values to crustaceans, mg/l : |
| 7.5 |
48hr,mbt, Daphnia magna |
| |
Khangarot & Ray 1987 |
| |
-- |
| 0.095 |
21d, rpd, Daphnia magna |
| |
Biesinger & Christensen 1972 |
| |
| LOEC values to crustaceans, mg/l : |
| 0.03 |
21d, rpd, Daphnia magna |
| |
Biesinger & Christensen 1972 |
| |
| LC50 values to fishes, mg/l : |
| 17.1 |
96hr,Salmo gairdneri,Anderson 1981 |
| |
-- |
| 0.05 |
28d,S.gairdneri,Birge et al. 1980 |
| |
-- |
| 307 |
96hr, Channa punctata |
| |
Saxena & Parashari 1983 |
| |
-- |
| 13.6 |
96hr, Puntius gophore |
| 24.5 |
96hr, Puntius gophore |
| |
Khangarot 1981 |
| |
-- |
| 3.9 |
sfd, 96hr, Morone saxatilis, juv. |
| 33 |
hrd, 96hr, Morone saxatilis, juv. |
| 21 |
1 %., 96hr, Morone saxatilis, juv. |
| |
Palawski et al. 1985 |
| |
-- |
| 35.5 |
96hr, Salmo gairdneri |
| |
Khangarot & Ray 1987 |
| |
-- |
| 8 |
96hr, Lepomis gibbosus, AQUIRE 1994 |
| |
| LOEC values to fishes, mg/l : |
| 0.73 |
rpd, sch, hrd, Pimephales promelas |
| |
Pickering 1974 |
| |
| NOEC values to fishes, mg/l : |
| 0.38 |
rpd, chr, hrd, Pimephales promelas |
| |
Pickering 1974 |
| |
| Other information of water organisms : |
LC50 (96hr), 2.78 mg/l (Khangarot et al. 1982).
|
References |
| 31 | Ahsanullah, M. 1982.
Acute toxicity of chronium, mercury,
molybdenum and nickel to the amphipod Allorchestes compreosa.
Aust.
J.
Mar.
Freshwater Res. 33: 465. |
| 49 | Anderson, D.R. 1981.
The combined effects of nickel,
chlorine, and temperature on the mortality of rainbow trout,
Salmo gairdneri.
Diss.
Abstr. 42: 8121178. |
| 3107 | AQUIRE 1993 -.
Aquatic Toxity Information Retrieval Database.
U.S.Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Pesticides and
Toxic Substances, Washington, D.C.
|
| 139 | Biesinger, K.E. & Christensen, G.M. 1972.
Effects of
various metals on survival, growth, reproduction, and
metabolism of Daphnia magna.
J.
Fish.
Res.
Board Can. 29:
1691 - 1700. |
| 149 | Birge, W.J. et al. 1980.
Aquatic toxicity tests on inorganic
elements occuring in oil shale.
EPA 600/9-80-022.
NTIS, Dep.
of Commerce, Springfield, Va. |
| 1817 | Braginskiy, L.P. & Shcherban, E.P. 1978.
Acute toxicity of
heavy metals to aquatic invertebrates at different
temperatures.
Gidrobiol.
Zh. 14: 86 . 92. |
| 264 | Chiaudani, G. & Vighi, M. 1978.
The use of Selenastrum
capricornutum batch culture in toxicity studies.
Mitt.
Verein.
Limnol. 21: 316 - 329. |
| 715 | Khangarot, B.S. et al. 1982.
Comparative toxicity of heavy
metals and interaction of metals on a freshwater pulmonate
snail Lymnaea acuminata (Lamarck).
Acta Hydrochim.
Hydrobiol.
10: 367. |
| 1810 | Khangarot, B.S. & Ray, P.K. 1987a.
Correlation between heavy
metal acute toxicity values in Daphnia magna and fish.
Bull.
Environ.
Contam.
Toxicol. 38: 722 - 726. |
| 714 | Khangarot, B.S. 1981.
The toxic effects of mercury ions on a
freshwater Telost, Puntius sophore (Hamilton), as assessed
by bioassay and histopathological incides.
Acta Hydrochim.
Hydrobiol. 9: 391. |
| 1589 | Lewis, R.J. & Sweet, D.V. 1984.
Registry of toxic effects of
chemical substances.
National Institute for Occupational Safety
and Health.
No. 83-107-4. |
| 1763 | Martin, T.R. & Holdich, D.M. 1986.
The acute lethal toxicity of
heavy metals to peracarid crustaceans (with particular
reference to fresh-water asellids and gammarids).
Water Res.
20(9): 1137 - 1147. |
| 1769 | Palawski, D., Hunn, J.B. & Dwyer, F.J. 1985.
Sensitivity of
young striped bass to organic and inorganic contaminants in
fresh and saline waters.
Transactions of the American Fisheries
Society 114: 748 - 753. |
| 1125 | Pickering, Q.H. 1974.
Chronic toxicity of nickel to the
fathead minnow.
J.
Water Pollut.
Control Fed. 46: 760 - 765. |
| 1755 | Rehab, F.I. & Wallace, A. 1978.
Excess trace metal effects on
cotton 5.
Nickel and cadmium in solution culture.
Commun.
Soil
Sci.
Plant Anal. 9(8): 771 - 778. |
| 1235 | Saxena, O.P. & Parashari, A. 1983.
Comparative study of the
toxicity of six heavy metals to Channa punctatus.
J.
Environ.
Biol. 4: 91. |
| 1718 | Vesper, S.J. & Weidensaul, T.C. 1978.
Effects of cadmium,
nickel, copper and zinc on nitrogen fixation by soybeans.
Water, Air, Soil Poll. 9: 413 - 422. |
