Chemical |
TCDD |
CAS-number : |
1746-01-6 |
|
Synonyms : |
2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-1,4-dioxine |
2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxine. |
2,3,7,8-tetraklooridibentso-1,4-dioksiini |
|
Sumformula of the chemical : |
C12H4Cl4O2 |
|
Molecular weight : |
321.97 |
|
Density, kg/m3 : |
1830 |
20 °C |
|
Water solubility, mg/l : |
0.0002 |
22 °C |
|
Melting point, °C : |
322 |
|
305 |
305 - 306, |
307 |
|
|
Boiling point, °C : |
900 |
approx. |
|
Degradation point, °C : |
750 |
> 750 |
|
Log octanol/water coefficient, log Pow : |
7.1 |
|
6.8 |
|
|
Henry's law constant, Pa x m3/mol : |
7.26 |
25 °C |
|
Photochemical degradation in water : |
Water solubility in sun light: half-life 6.3 - 8 days (Corbet et
al. 1988).
|
|
Half-life in soil, days : |
730 |
2-3 years, Seveso, |
1095 |
Heckel 1984 |
|
Half-life in water, days : |
600 |
aquatic model ecosystem, |
|
Verschueren 1983 |
|
Total degradation in water : |
Half-life in aquatic model ecosystem: approx. 600 days
(Verschueren 1983).
|
|
Total degradation in sediment : |
In lake sediment no remarkable degradation (Czuczwa & Hites
1984).
|
|
Other information of degradation : |
Quick photochemical degradation in laboratory experiment
(Rappe 1980).
Degradation only with high microbial activity if TCDD is in
bioavailable form (Corbet et al. 1988).
|
|
Metabolism in mammals : |
Uptake in alimentary canal very effective (>= 80 %) (Jones &
Bennett 1989).
Man, estimated half-life approximately 5 years (Jones & Bennett
1989).
|
|
Metabolism in fishes : |
Half-life, Salmo gairdneri, 15 - 48 days (Mehrle et al. 1988).
Half-life, carp, > 300 days (Kuehl et al. 1986).
|
|
Bioconcentration factor, fishes : |
26700 |
28d, Salmo gairdneri, |
39000 |
static, Salmo gairdneri, |
|
Mehrle et al. 1988 |
|
Other information of bioaccumulation : |
Bioconcentration factor (mollusca):
1400-47000, mussel (Vershueren 1983).
Bioconcentration factor (algae):
200 - 18600, algae (Verschueren 1983).
|
|
LD50 values to mammals in oral exposure, mg/kg : |
0.02 |
orl-rat, Rippen 1988 |
|
-- |
0.0006 |
orl-gpg, NIOSH 1979 |
|
-- |
0.0042 |
orl-mink, Hochstein et al. 1988 |
|
LD50 values to mammals in non-oral exposure , mg/kg : |
0.0006 |
0.0006 - 0.002, ukn-gpg |
0.002 |
|
1 |
1 - 5, ukn-ham |
5 |
Virtanen & Nuuja 1987 |
|
Other information of mammals : |
Rat, NOAEL, 0.000001 mg/kg/day (Rippen 1988).
Rhesus ape, oral, 20 months, toxic effects e.g. teratogenic and
embryotoxic effects, 0.0000016 mg/kg/day (Rippen 1988).
|
|
Health effects : |
Man, tolerable daily intake, 1 - 5 pg/kg (Tarkowski &
Yrjanheikki 1986).
|
|
Carcinogenicity : |
Very effective tumor promoter (Rippen 1988).
Possibly carcinogenic (Holder & Menzel 1988).
|
|
Mutagenicity : |
Not proved to be mutagenic (Rippen 1988).
|
|
LD50 values to birds in oral exposure, mg/kg : |
0.025 |
0.025 - 0.05, orl-chicken, Rippen 1988 |
|
LOEC values to fishes, mg/l : |
0.000001 |
srv, grw, schr, Salmo gairdneri |
|
Helder 1981 |
|
-- |
0.000001 |
srv, grw, chr, Esox lucius |
|
Helder 1980 |
|
NOEC values to fishes, mg/l : |
0.0000001 |
srv, grw, schr, Salmo gairdneri |
|
Helder 1981 |
|
-- |
0.0000001 |
srv, grw, chr, Esox lucius |
|
Helder 1980 |
|
Other information of water organisms : |
Salmo gairdneri, juvenile, survival, growth, behaviour, 28 + 28
days, < 0.000000038 mg/l (Mehrle et al. 1988).
Oncorhynchus kisutch, 96 hr, 30 d, 55 % mortality, 0.0000056
mg/l (Miller et al. 1979).
|
References |
2285 | Anon. 1989.
Miljöfarliga ämnen - exempellista och vetenskaplig
dokumentation. 303 p.
Stockholm.
Rapport från
kemikalieinspektionen (KEMI) 10. |
2909 | Corbet, R.L., Webster, G.R.B. & Muir, D.C.G. 1988.
Fate of
1,3,6,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin in an outdoor aquatic
system.
Environ.
Toxicol.
Chem. 7: 167 - 180. |
2912 | Czuczwa, J.M. & Hites, R.A. 1986.
Airborne dioxines and
dibenzofurans: Sources and fates.
Environ.
Sci.
Technol. 20:
195 - 220. |
2911 | Heckel, E. 1984.
Polychlorierte Dioxine und Dibenzofurane -
Herstellung, Handhabung, Umweltfragen.
Chem.-Ing.-Tech. 56: A
390. |
567 | Helder, T. 1980.
Effects of
2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) on early life stages of
the pike (Esox lucius).
Sci.
Total Environ. 14: 255 -
264. |
568 | Helder, T. 1981.
Effects of
2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) on early life stages of
rainbow trout, (Salmo gairdneri).
Toxicology 19: 101 - 112. |
2917 | Hochstein, J.R., Aulerich, R.J. & Bursian, S.J. 1988.
Acute
toxicity of 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin to mink.
Arch.
Environ.
Contam.
Toxicol. 17: 33 - 37. |
2918 | Holder, J.W. & Menzel, H.M. 1988.
Analysis of 2,3,7,8-TCDD
tumor promotion activity and its relationship to cancer.
In:
Dioxin '88.
The 8th Int.
Symp. on Chlorinated Dioxins and
Related compounds, Aug. 21 - 26, 1988, Umeå, Sweden, Final
Program and Abstracts, p. 180. |
2916 | Jones, K.C. & Bennett, B.G. 1989.
Human exposure to
environmental polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and
dibenzofurans: an exposure commitment assessment for
2,3,7,8-TCDD.
Sci.
Tot.
Environ. 78: 99 - 116. |
2914 | Kuehl, D.W., Cook.
P.M. & Batterman, A.R. 1986.
Uptake and
depuration of PCDDs and PCDFs in freshwater fish.
Chemosphere
15: 2023 - 2026. |
2836 | Lewis, R.J.Sr. & Tatken, R.L.
(Eds.) 1979.
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Effects of Chemical Substances.
U.S.
Dept.
Health and Human
Services.
Natl.
Inst.
Occup.
Safety Health (NIOSH). |
2913 | Mehrle, P.M. et al. 1988.
Toxicity and bioconcentration of
2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzodioxin and
2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzofuran in rainbow trout.
Environ.
Toxicol.
Chem. 7: 47 - 62. |
2915 | Miller, R.A., Norris, L.A. & Loper, B.R. 1979.
The response of
coho salmon and guppies to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin
(TCDD) in water. |
1973 | Pilli.A., Carle, D.O., Kline.
E., Pickering.
Q. & Lazorchak.
J. 1988.
Effets of pollution on freshwater organisms.
JWPCF
60(6): 994 - 1065. |
2910 | Rappe, C. 1980.
Chloroaromatic compounds containing oxygen.
In:
Hutzinger, O.
(Ed.)
The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry,
Vol. 3, Part A, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, pp.
157 - 179. |
2510 | Rippen, G. 1988.
Handbuch der Umwelt-Chemikalien.
Stoffdaten,
Prüfverfahren, Vorschriften.
Ecomed.
Landsberg/Lech, 2.
Auflage. |
2919 | Tarkowski, S. & Yrjanheikki, E. 1986.
Polychlorinated
dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans in human milk - reasons for
concern.
Chemosphere 15: 1641 - 1648. |
1468 | Verschueren, K. 1983.
Handbook of environmental data of
organic chemicals.
Van Nostrand Reinhold Co.
Inc., New York.
1310 s. |
1771 | Virtanen, M. & Nuuja, I. 1987.
Kemikaalien myrkyllisyys
luonnonvaraisille nisäkkäille.
Ympäristöministeriö.
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ja luonnonsuojeluosasto.
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