| Chemical |
Bromacil |
| CAS-number : |
314-40-9 |
| |
| Synonyms : |
| 2,4(1H,3H)-Pyrimidinedione, 5-bromo-6-methyl-3-(1- methylpropyl)- |
| 5-bromo-3-sec-butyl-6-methyluracil |
| 5-bromo-6-methyl-3-(1-methylpropyl)uracil |
| Bromasiili |
| |
| Sumformula of the chemical : |
| C9H13BrN2O2 |
| EINECS-number : |
| 2062451 |
| |
| Uses : |
Herbicide used to control a wide range of grasses and
broad-leaf weeds.
|
| |
| Melting point, °C : |
| 158 |
158 - 159 °C |
| 159 |
|
| |
| Log soil sorption coefficient, log Kom : |
| 1.86 |
Sabljic 1987 |
| |
| Photochemical degradation in water : |
Aqueous reactions: photodecomposition: the action of 4 months of
sunlight on dilute (1 - 10 ppm) aqueous solutions of
bromacil resulted in the formation of only one detectable
photoproduct, 5-bromo-6-methyluracil in very low yield.
The
N-dealkylated photoproduct proved to be much less stable toward
sunlight wavelengths, forming principally 6-methyluracil
(Moilanen & Crosby 1974).
|
| |
| Half-life in soil, days : |
| 350 |
Li et al. 1990 |
| |
| LD50 values to mammals in oral exposure, mg/kg : |
| 5200 |
orl-rat, Anon 1976 |
| |
| Effects on plants : |
ED50 value for Brassica nigra in soil: < 0.01 mg/kg;
(ED50 = the dose that reduces test plant fresh weight by 50 %)
(Angemar et al. 1984).
1.0 kg/ha bromacil was applied with a sprayer 24 days after
seeding to lambs-quarters (Chenopodium album L.) in the 3 to
4-leaf stage -> atrazine-susceptible plants (seeds) were killed
and there was a degrease in shoot growth and plant number of
atrazine-resistant plants (Jensen et al. 1977).
|
| |
| LC50 values to fishes, mg/l : |
| 71 |
48hr, Lepomis macrochirus |
| 75 |
48hr, Salmo gairdneri |
| 164 |
48hr, Cyprinus carpio |
| |
Pesticide Manual 1983 |
| |
-- |
| 185 |
1d, Pimephales promelas |
| 182 |
4d, Pimephales promelas |
| 167 |
7d, Pimephales promelas |
| |
Call et al. 1987 |
| |
| Effects on physiology of water organisms : |
Pimephales promelas; 1 mg/l, 64 days; growth effect:
measurable change in length and/or weight) (Call et al. 1987). |
References |
| 1802 | Angemar, Y., Rebhun, M. & Horowitz, M. 1984.
Adsorption,
phytotoxicity, and leaching of bromacil in some Israeli soils.
J.
Environ.
Qual. 13(2): 321 - 326. |
| 70 | Anon. 1983c.
Pesticide Manual.
Worthing, C.R.
(toim.)
A world compedium.
The British Crop Biotection Council.
London. 7 th edition. |
| 1930 | Call, D.J. et al. 1987.
Bromacil and diuron herbicides:
toxicity, uptake, and elimination in freshwater fish.
Arch.
Environ.
Contam.
Toxicol. 16: 607. |
| 1737 | Jensen, K:I.N., Bandeen, J.D. & Souza Machado, V. 1977.
Studies
on the differential tolerance of two lamb's-quarters selections to
triazine herbicides.
Can.
J.
Plant Sci. 57(4): 1169 - 1177. |
| 2450 | Li, W.,Merrill, D.
E. & Haith, A. 1990.
Loading functions for
pesticide runoff.
Research Journal WPCF, 62(1): pp. 16 - 26. |
| 2324 | Sabljic, A. 1987.
On the prediction of soil sorption
coefficients of organic pollutants from molecular structure:
application of molecular topology model.
Environ.
Sci.
Technol.
21: 358 - 366. |
