| Chemical |
1,1,2-Trichloroethane |
| CAS-number : |
79-00-5 |
| |
| Synonyms : |
| 1,1,2-trikloorietaani |
| vinyltrichloride |
| vinyylitrikloridi |
| |
| Sumformula of the chemical : |
| C2H3Cl3 |
| EINECS-number : |
| 2011669 |
| |
| Uses : |
Manufacturing of 1,1-dichloroethylene; solvent for chlorinated
rubber and various organic materials (fats, oils, resins).
Intermediate.
|
| |
| State and appearance : |
Colourless liquid
|
| |
| Molecular weight : |
133.4 |
| |
| Vapor pressure, mmHg : |
| 19 |
20°C |
| |
| Water solubility, mg/l : |
| 4500 |
0°C |
| 10 |
< 10 mg/l, MITI 1992 |
| |
| Melting point, °C : |
| -35 |
-35/-36.7 |
| -36.7 |
|
| -35.5 |
MITI 1992 |
| |
| Boiling point, °C : |
| 113.7 |
|
| 113.7 |
|
| |
| Log octanol/water coefficient, log Pow : |
| 2.13 |
Anon 1988 |
| |
| Log soil sorption coefficient, log Kom : |
| 1.87 |
observed, Sabljic 1987 |
| 1.7 |
calculated, Sabljic 1987 |
| |
| Henry's law constant, Pa x m3/mol : |
| 74 |
Anon 1988 |
| 97.34 |
calc. Yaws et al. 1991 |
| |
| Volatilization : |
Relative volatility (nBuAc=1) = 7.5
|
| |
| Mobility : |
Equilibrium distribution:
mass %
air 96.16
water 3.76
solid 0.08
(Anon 1988).
|
| |
| Photochemical degradation in air : |
Photooxidation half-life in air:
196hr - 1956hr,
based upon measured rate constants for reaction with hydroxyl
radicals in air (Howard 1991).
|
| |
| Hydrolysis in water : |
First-order hydrolysis half-life:
37yr at pH 7; scientific judgement based upon base catalyzed
hydrolysis rate constant at 25 °C (Howard 1991).
|
| |
| Hydrolysis in base : |
Base rate constant 5.9 x 10-3 M-1s-1,
(t1/2 3263hr at pH9); scientific judgement based upon base
catalyzed hydrolysis rate constant at 25 °C (Howard 1991).
|
| |
| Half-life in air, days : |
| 8.2 |
8.2d - 81.5d, |
| 81.5 |
scientific judgement based upon estimated |
| |
photooxidation half life in air, |
| |
Howard 1991 |
| |
| Half-life in soil, days : |
| 136 |
3263hr - 8760hr, |
| 365 |
scientific judgement based upon estimated |
| |
hydrolysis half-life at pH 9 and 25 C (low t1/2) |
| |
and data from the estimated unacclimated aerobic |
| |
aqueous biodegradation half-life (high t1/2) |
| |
and a soil column test in which no biodegradation |
| |
was observed, |
| |
Howard 1991 |
| |
| Half-life in water, days : |
| 136 |
3263hr - 8760hr, |
| 365 |
in surface water, scientific judgement based upon |
| |
estimated hydrolysis half-life at pH 9 and 25 C |
| |
(low t1/2) and estimated unacclimated aerobic |
| |
aqueous biodegradation half-life (high t1/2), |
| 136 |
3263hr - 17520hr, |
| 730 |
in ground water, scientific judgement based upon |
| |
estimated hydrolysis half-life at pH 9 and 25 C |
| |
(low t1/2) and data from the estimated unacclimated |
| |
aerobic aqueoous biodegradation half-life |
| |
(high t1/2) and a ground water die-away study in |
| |
which no biodegradation was observed, |
| |
Howard 1991 |
| |
| Aerobic degradation in water : |
Aerobic half-life:
6mo - 1yr,
scientific judgement based upon the extremely slow or no
biodegradation which was observed in screening tests and a
river die-away test (Howard 1991).
|
| |
| Anaerobic degradation in water : |
Anaerobic half-life:
1yr - 4yr,
scientific judgement based upon estimated aerobic aqueous
biodegradation half-life (Howard 1991).
|
| |
| Total degradation in water : |
Biodegradation:
5% by GC analysis
period: 28d
substance: 100 mg/l
sludge: 30 mg/l
(MITI 1992)
|
| |
| Bioconcentration factor, fishes : |
| 0.7 |
0.7 - 2.6, 6w, Cyprinus carpio, conc 0.3 mg/l |
| 2.6 |
|
| 2.7 |
2.7 - 6.7, 6w, Cyprinus carpio, conc 0.03 mg/l |
| 6.7 |
MITI 1992 |
| |
| Other information of bioaccumulation : |
Confirmed to be non-accumulative or low accumulative
(Anon. 1987).
|
| |
| LD50 values to mammals in oral exposure, mg/kg : |
| 580 |
orl-rat, Lewis & Sweet 1984 |
| |
-- |
| 100 |
100 - 200, orl-rat, Verschueren 1983 |
| 200 |
|
| |
-- |
| 1140 |
orl-rat |
| |
| LD50 values to mammals in non-oral exposure , mg/kg : |
| 3730 |
skn-rbt, Lewis & Sweet 1984 |
| |
| LDLo values to mammals in oral exposure, mg/kg : |
| 500 |
orl-dog, Lewis & Sweet 1984 |
| |
| LCLo values to mammals in inhalation exposure, ppm : |
| 500 |
8 hr, ihl-rat, Lewis & Sweet 1984 |
| |
| Carcinogenicity : |
NCI carcinogenesis bioassay completed: results positive, mus;
results negative, rat (Lewis & Sweet 1984).
|
| |
| LOEC values to algae, mg/l : |
| 430 |
rpd, schr, Scenedesmus quadricauda |
| |
Bringmann & Kühn 1980a |
| |
| LC50 values to crustaceans, mg/l : |
| 18 |
48hr, Daphnia magna, LeBlanc 1980 |
| |
-- |
| 186 |
48hr, unfed, Daphnia magna |
| 174 |
48hr, fed, Daphnia magna |
| |
USEPA 1984 |
| |
| EC50 values to crustaceans, mg/l : |
| 80.6 |
48hr, unfed, Daphnia magna |
| 77.8 |
48hr, fed, Daphnia magna |
| |
USEPA 1984 |
| |
| NOEC values to crustaceans, mg/l : |
| 13.2 |
13.2 - 26.0, 28d, Daphnia |
| 26 |
USEPA 1984 |
| |
| LC50 values to fishes, mg/l : |
| 40 |
96 hr, Lepomis macrochirus, Buccafusco |
| |
et al. 1981 |
| |
-- |
| 94 |
7d, Poelicia reticulata,Könemann 1979 |
| |
-- |
| 82 |
96hr, Pimephales promelas |
| |
Veith et al. 1983 |
| |
-- |
| 81.6 |
96hr, flow-through, Pimephales promelas |
| |
USEPA 1984 |
| |
-- |
| 133 |
48hr, Oryzias latipes, MITI 1992 |
| |
-- |
| 81.6 |
96 hr, Pimephales promelas, Geiger et al. 1986 |
| |
| NOEC values to fishes, mg/l : |
| 6 |
6.0 - 14.8, 32d, Pimephales promelas |
| 14.8 |
USEPA 1984 |
References |
| 2357 | Anon 1988.
Concentrations of industrial organic chemicals
measured in the environment: The influence of physico - chemical
properties, tonnage and use pattern.
Technical report no 29.
European chemical industry ecology & toxicology centre, ECETOC.
pp. 105. |
| 1848 | Anon. 1987a.
The list of the existing chemical substances tested
on biodegradability by microorganisms or bioaccumulation in
fish body by Chemicals Inspection & Testing Institute.
Ministry
of International Trade and Industry, MITI.
Japan. |
| 188 | Bringmann, G. & Kühn, R. 1980a.
Comparison of the toxicity
thresholds of water pollutants to bacteria, algae and
protozoa in the cell multiplication inhibition test.
Water
Res. 14: 231 - 241. |
| 207 | Buccafusco, R.J., Ells, S.J. & LeBlanc, G.A. 1981.
Acute
toxicity of priority pollutants to bluegill (Lepomis
macrochirus).
Bull.
Environ.
Contam.
Toxicol. 26: 446 - 452. |
| 3296 | Geiger, D.
L. et al. 1985.
Acute toxicities of organic
chemicals to fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) Vol. 2.
Center for Lake Superior Environmental Studies, University of
Wisconsin-Superior, Superior, Winconsin, U.S.A. 326.
|
| 3120 | Howard, P.H., Boethling, R.S., Jarvis, W.F., Meylan, W.M. &
Michalenko, E.M., Handbook of Environmental Degradation Rates,
1991.
Lewis Publicers, Inc., Chelsea, Michigan, U.S.A.,
pp. 725.
|
| 761 | Könemann, W.H. 1979.
Quantitative structure-activity
relationships for kinetics and toxicity of aquatic pollutants and
their mixtures in fish.
Univ.
Utrecht, Netherlands. |
| 798 | LeBlanc, G.A. 1980.
Acute toxicity of priority pollutants
to water flea (Daphnia magna).
Bull.
Environm.
Contam.
Toxicol. 24: 684 - 691. |
| 1589 | Lewis, R.J. & Sweet, D.V. 1984.
Registry of toxic effects of
chemical substances.
National Institute for Occupational Safety
and Health.
No. 83-107-4. |
| 3105 | MITI 1992.
Biodegradation and bioaccumulation data of existing
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Compild under the Safety
Division Basic Industries Bureau Ministry of International
Trade & Industry, Japan.
Edited by Chemicals Inspection &
Testing Institute, Japan.
|
| 2324 | Sabljic, A. 1987.
On the prediction of soil sorption
coefficients of organic pollutants from molecular structure:
application of molecular topology model.
Environ.
Sci.
Technol.
21: 358 - 366. |
| 2757 | USEPA 1984.
Aquatic toxicity tests to characterize the hazard
of volatile organic chemicals in water.
A toxicity data
summary.
Part 1.
Report No.
EPA-600/3-83-009.
NITS No.
PB84-141506.
(Ed): Ahmad, N. et al.
U.S.
Environmental
protection agency, Duluth, MN 55804. |
| 1456 | Veith, G.D. et al. 1983.
Estimating the acute toxicity of
narcotic industrial chemicals to fathead minnows.
In:
Aquatic toxicology and hazard assessment: sixth symposium.
ASTM STP 803.
Bishop, W.E. et al.
(eds.).
Am.
Soc.
Test.
Mater, Philadelphia, Pa, 90. |
| 1468 | Verschueren, K. 1983.
Handbook of environmental data of
organic chemicals.
Van Nostrand Reinhold Co.
Inc., New York.
1310 s. |
| 3030 | Yaws, C., Yang, H-C. & Pan, X. 1991.
Henry's law constants for
362 organic compounds in water.
Chemical Engineering.
November.
p 179 - 185. |
