| Chemical |
1,2,4,5-tetrachlorobenzene |
| CAS-number : |
95-94-3 |
| |
| Synonyms : |
| 1,2,4,5-tetraklooribentseeni |
| benzene tetrachloride |
| s-tetrachlorobenzene. |
| |
| Sumformula of the chemical : |
| C6H2Cl4 |
| EINECS-number : |
| 2024662 |
| |
| Uses : |
Manufacture of 2,4,5-trichlorophenol and
2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid.
Insecticide; impregnant for
moisture resistance; electrical insulation; temporary
protection in packing; intermediate.
|
| |
| State and appearance : |
Needles
|
| |
| Molecular weight : |
215.88 |
| |
| Spesicif gravity (water=1) : |
| 1.858 |
|
| |
| Vapor pressure, mmHg : |
| 0.1 |
|
| |
| Water solubility, mg/l : |
| 0.3 |
22°C |
| 0.595 |
25°C, Yalkowsky et al. 1979 |
| 0.465 |
25°C, Banerjee 1984 |
| 1 |
<1, MITI 1992 |
| |
| Melting point, °C : |
| 138 |
|
| 140 |
Suntio et al. 1988 |
| 140 |
MITI 1992 |
| |
| Boiling point, °C : |
| 246 |
|
| 240 |
MITI 1992 |
| |
| Flashing point, °C : |
| 155 |
closed cup |
| |
| Log octanol/water coefficient, log Pow : |
| 4.93 |
|
| 4.51 |
Anon 1988 |
| 4.72 |
Schwarzenbach & Westall 1981 |
| 5.05 |
Yalkowsky et al. 1979 |
| 4.52 |
Konemann et al. 1979 |
| 4.94 |
Konemann et al. 1979 |
| 4.46 |
Wateral et al. 1982 |
| 4.51 |
Miller et al. 1984 |
| 4.7 |
Chiou 1985 |
| 4.98 |
MITI 1992 |
| |
| Log soil sorption coefficient, log Kom : |
| 3.86 |
observed, Sabljic 1987 |
| 2.99 |
calculated, Sabljic 1987 |
| |
| Henry's law constant, Pa x m3/mol : |
| 65 |
Anon 1988 |
| 122 |
calc., Suntio et al. 1988 |
| |
| Mobility : |
Equilibrium distribution:
mass %
air 79.32
water 3.47
solid 17.21
(Anon 1988)
|
| |
| Photochemical degradation in air : |
Photooxidation half-life in air:
318d - 31.8d, based upon measured rate data for the vapor phase
reaction with hydroxyl radicals in air (Howard 1991).
|
| |
| Hydrolysis in water : |
First-order hydrolysis half-life:
>879yr, scientific judgement based upon rate constant (<0.9 M-1
hr-1) extrapolated to pH 7 at 25°C from 1% disappearance after
16 days at 85°C anf pH 9.7 (Howard 1991).
|
| |
| Hydrolysis in base : |
Base rate constant (M(OH-)-hr)-1: <0.9
scientific judgement based upon 1% disappearance after 16 days
at 85°C and pH 9.7 (Howard 1991).
|
| |
| Half-life in air, days : |
| 318 |
318d - 31.8d, based upon photooxidation half-life in air. |
| |
Howard 1991 |
| 31.8 |
|
| |
| Half-life in soil, days : |
| 180 |
6mo - 4w, |
| 28 |
scientific judgement based upon estimated unacclimated aqueous aerobic biodegradation half-life. |
| |
Howard 1991 |
| |
| Half-life in water, days : |
| 180 |
6mo -4w, |
| 28 |
in surface water: scientific judgement based upon estimated unacclimated aqueous aerobic biodegradation half-life, |
| 360 |
12mo - 8w, |
| 56 |
in ground water: scientific judgement based upon estimated unacclimated aqueous aerobic biodegradation half-life. |
| |
Howard 1991 |
| |
| Aerobic degradation in water : |
Aerobic half-life:
6mo - 4w, scientific judgement based upon unacclimated aerobic
screening test data (Howard 1991).
|
| |
| Anaerobic degradation in water : |
Anaerobic half-life:
24mo - 16w, scientific judgement based upon estimated
unacclimated aqueous aerobic biodegradation half-life
(Howard 1991).
|
| |
| Total degradation in water : |
Biodegradation:
0% by BOD
period: 28d
substance: 100 mg/l
sludge: 30 mg/l
(MITI 1992)
|
| |
| Metabolism in mammals : |
Six days after rabbits were fed 0.5 g/kg, 16 % of the dose was
discharged unchanged in feces; 48 % found unchanged in various
organs, primarily fat; 1,6 % expired unchanged; and 6.3 %
excreted as metabolites (glucuronide, ethereal sulfates,
tetrachlorophenol) (Sax 1986).
|
| |
| Bioconcentration factor, fishes : |
| 2720 |
2720-4830, 8w, Cyprinus carpio, conc 0.01 mg/l, |
| 4830 |
|
| 1650 |
1650-3930, 8w, Cyprinus carpio, conc 0.001 mg/l, |
| 3930 |
MITI 1992 |
| |
| LD50 values to mammals in oral exposure, mg/kg : |
| 1500 |
orl-rat, Lewis & Sweet 1984 |
| 1035 |
orl-mus |
| |
| EC50 values to algae, mg/l : |
| 7.32 |
96hr, Skeletonema costatum |
| |
decreased cell number |
| 7.1 |
96hr, Skeletonema costatum |
| |
chlorophyll A inhibition |
| 46.8 |
96hr, Selenastrum capricornutum |
| |
decreased cell number |
| 52.9 |
96hr, Selenastrum capricornutum |
| |
chlorophyll A inhibition, Sax 1986 |
| |
| NOEC values to algae, mg/l : |
| 10 |
<10mg/l, 96 hr, chlorophyll, |
| |
Selenastrum capricornutum, AQUIRE 1994 |
| |
| LC50 values to crustaceans, mg/l : |
| 530 |
> 530, 48hr, Daphnia magna, Sax 1986 |
| 1.48 |
96hr, mysid shrimp |
| |
| LC50 values to fishes, mg/l : |
| 0.8 |
96 hr, Cyprinodon variagetus |
| |
Heitmuller et al. 1981 |
| |
-- |
| 0.3 |
14 d, Poecilia reticulata, Könemann 1979 |
| |
-- |
| 1.6 |
96hr, Lepomis macrochirus |
| |
Buccafusco et al. 1981 |
| |
-- |
| 1.55 |
96hr, Lepomis macrochirus, Sax 1986 |
| 0.33 |
96hr, Cyprinodon variegatus |
| |
-- |
| 26.4 |
48hr, Oryzias latipes, MITI 1992 |
| |
| LOEC values to fishes, mg/l : |
| 0.18 |
srv,Cyprinodon variagetus,Ward & Parrish |
| |
1980 |
| |
| NOEC values to fishes, mg/l : |
| 8.8 |
<8.8mg/l, 96hr, Cyprinodon variegatus, |
| |
AQUIRE 1994 |
| |
| Other information of water organisms : |
0.129 mg/l, chronic value, early life stage test, Cyprinodon
variegatus; 0.09 to 0.18 mg/l, > 28 days, estimated maximum
acceptable toxicant concentration (Sax 1986).
|
References |
| 2357 | Anon 1988.
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European chemical industry ecology & toxicology centre, ECETOC.
pp. 105. |
| 1848 | Anon. 1987a.
The list of the existing chemical substances tested
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fish body by Chemicals Inspection & Testing Institute.
Ministry
of International Trade and Industry, MITI.
Japan. |
| 3107 | AQUIRE 1993 -.
Aquatic Toxity Information Retrieval Database.
U.S.Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Pesticides and
Toxic Substances, Washington, D.C.
|
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Environ.
Sci.
Technol. 18: 587 - 591. |
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|
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|
| 2324 | Sabljic, A. 1987.
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