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Data bank of environmental chemicals     |     The Finnish Environment Institute (SYKE)
 


29.3.2024

Data bank of environmental properties of chemicals


Chemical
Phenobarbital
CAS-number :
50-06-6
 
Synonyms :
5-ethyl-5-phenylbarbituric acid.
Phenylbarbital
phenylethylmalonylurea
 
Sumformula of the chemical :
C12H12N2O3
EINECS-number :
2000070
 
Uses :
Medicine (sedative), laboratory reagent. 
Also available as the
sodium salt which has good water-solubility.
 
State and appearance :
White, shining, crystalline powder, stable.
 
Odor :
Odorless.
 
Melting point, °C :
174  174 - 178 °C
178 
 
Log octanol/water coefficient, log Pow :
1.28  ANON 1986
 
Other physicochemical properties :
Soluble in alcohol, ether, chloroform, alkali hydroxides,
alkali carbonate solutions; sparingly soluble in water.
 
Photochemical degradation in air :
Photooxidation half-life in air:
 0.4hr - 3.9hr,
scientific judgement based upon estimated rate data for
hydroxyl radicals in air (Howard 1991).
 
Half-life in air, days :
0.02  0.4hr - 3.9hr,
0.16  scientific judgement based upon estimated
  photooxidation half-life in air,
  Howard 1991
 
Half-life in soil, days :
1w - 4w, scientific judgement based upon estimated
28  aqueous aerobic biodegradation half-life,
  Howard 1991
 
Half-life in water, days :
1w - 4w,
28  in surface water, scientific judgement based upon
  estimated aqueous aerobic biodegradation half-life,
14  2w - 8w,
56  in ground water, scientific judgement based upon
  estimated aqueous aerobic biodegradation half-life,
  Howard 1991
 
Aerobic degradation in water :
Aerobic half-life:
1w - 4w, scientific judgement (Howard 1991).
 
Anaerobic degradation in water :
Anaerobic half-life:
4w - 16w, scientific judgement based upon estimated aqueous
aerobic biodegradation half-life (Howard 1991).
 
LD50 values to birds in oral exposure, mg/kg :
100  >100, orl-Agelaius phoeniceus,
  Schafer et al. 1983

References
2283Anon.1986a. Evaluation of the OECD laboratory intercomparison testing on the determination of the partition coefficient n-octanol-water by reverse phase HPLC. Report. Fraunhofer-Institut für Umweltchemie und Ökotoxikologie.
3120Howard, P.H., Boethling, R.S., Jarvis, W.F., Meylan, W.M. & Michalenko, E.M., Handbook of Environmental Degradation Rates, 1991. Lewis Publicers, Inc., Chelsea, Michigan, U.S.A., pp. 725.
1743Schafer , E.W.Jr., Bowles, W.A.Jr., Hurlbut, J. 1983. The acute oral toxicity, repellency and hazard potential of 993 chemicals to one or more species of wild and domestic birds. Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 12: 355 - 382.

 
 
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