| Chemical |
Diuron |
| CAS-number : |
330-54-1 |
| |
| Synonyms : |
| 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea |
| 3-(3,4-dikloorifenyyli)-1,1-dimetyyliurea |
| DCMU |
| diuroni |
| DMU |
| N'-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-N,N-dimethylurea |
| N'-(3,4-dikloorifenyyli)-N,N-dimetyyliurea |
| Urea, N'-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-N,N-dimethyl- |
| |
| Sumformula of the chemical : |
| C9H10Cl2N2O |
| EINECS-number : |
| 2063544 |
| |
| Uses : |
herbicide
|
| |
| Molecular weight : |
233.11 |
| |
| Vapor pressure, mmHg : |
| 0.0000031 |
50°C |
| |
| Water solubility, mg/l : |
| 42 |
25°C |
| 34 |
MITI 1992 |
| |
| Melting point, °C : |
| 158 |
158 - 159 |
| 159 |
|
| 156 |
156-158, MITI 1992 |
| |
| Log octanol/water coefficient, log Pow : |
| 2.96 |
MITI 1992 |
| |
| Log soil sorption coefficient, log Kom : |
| 1.97 |
Sabljic 1987 |
| |
| Half-life in soil, days : |
| 328 |
Li et al. 1990 |
| |
| Total degradation in water : |
Biodegradation:
0% by BOD
period: 28d
substance: 100 mg/l
sludge: 30 mg/l
(MITI 1992)
|
| |
| Bioconcentration factor, fishes : |
| 3.4 |
3.4 - 4.9, 6w, Cyprinus carpio, conc 0.5 mg/l, |
| 4.9 |
|
| 2.9 |
< 2.9 - 14, 6w, Cyprinus carpio, conc 0.05 mg/l, |
| 14 |
MITI 1992 |
| |
| LD50 values to mammals in oral exposure, mg/kg : |
| 1017 |
orl-rat, Lewis & Sweet 1984 |
| |
| LD50 values to mammals in non-oral exposure , mg/kg : |
| 3400 |
unk-rat, Lewis & Sweet 1984 |
| |
| Effects on anthropods : |
LC50 1.2 mg/l, 96hr, mosquito (Knapek & Lakola 1974).
|
| |
| Effects on plants : |
Germinated and fungicide-treated barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)
seeds were sown to sandy loam soil -> first significant
depression of top growth occurred at 0.4 kg diuron/ha.
This was
associated with some toxicity symptoms such as paleing and
leaf-tip dieback (Toth & Milham 1975).
Germinated seedlings of pea (Pisum sativum) and barley (Hordeum
vulgare) were grown in diuron-treated silica sand: 160 ppm
diuron (in mg active material per litre solution; 12 ml of the
solution was added to 225 g dry sand) caused 50 % root
inhibition over 72 hr (O'Sullivan & Prendeville 1974).
|
| |
| EC50 values to algae, mg/l : |
| 0.01 |
10 d, pht, Dunaliella terticulata |
| |
Isochyris galbana |
| |
Phaeodactylum tricornutum, Walsh 1972 |
| |
| LC50 values to crustaceans, mg/l : |
| 0.16 |
96hr, Gammarus lacustris,Sanders 1969 |
| |
-- |
| 1.4 |
48hr, Daphnia pulex,Sanders & Cope 196 |
| |
-- |
| 1.4 |
24hr, Daphnia magna,Frear & Boyud 1967 |
| |
-- |
| 0.4 |
96hr, Daphnia magna,Knapek & Lakola 1974 |
| |
-- |
| 40 |
act, Daphnia pulex |
| |
Nishiuchi & Hashimoto 1967 |
| |
-- |
| 47 |
act, Daphnia magna, Kenaga 1979 |
| |
| LC50 values to fishes, mg/l : |
| 16 |
48hr, Oncorhynchus kisutch |
| |
Bond et al. 1960 |
| |
-- |
| 7.4 |
48hr, Lepomis macrochirus |
| 4.3 |
48hr, Salmo gairdneri, Edwards 1977 |
| |
-- |
| 2.9 |
96hr, Cyprinus carpio |
| |
Knapek & Lakola 1974 |
| |
-- |
| 3.2 |
48hr, Cyprinus carpio |
| |
Nishiuchi & Hashimoto 1967 |
| |
-- |
| 5.9 |
act, Lepomis macrochirus,Kenaga 1979 |
| 3 |
3 - 60, act, Salmo gairdneri |
| 60 |
|
| |
-- |
| 23.3 |
1d, Pimephales promelas |
| 7.7 |
8d, Pimephales promelas |
| |
Call et al. 1987 |
| |
-- |
| 100 |
>100, 48hr, Oryzias latipes, MITI 1992 |
| |
-- |
| 14.2 |
96 hr, Pimephales promelas, Geiger et al. 1986 |
| |
| EC50 values to fishes, mg/l : |
| 14.2 |
96 hr, Pimephales promelas, Geiger et al. 1986 |
| |
| Other information of water organisms : |
Aquatic community; EC50, 4 d, 2.205 mg/l (Flum & Shannon 1987). |
References |
| 174 | Bond, C.E., Lewis, R.H. & Fryer, J.L. 1960.
Toxicity of various
herbicidal materials to fish.
Second seminar on biological
problems in water pollution, R.A.
Taft San.
Eng.
Cen.
Tech.
Rept.
W603: 96 - 101. |
| 1930 | Call, D.J. et al. 1987.
Bromacil and diuron herbicides:
toxicity, uptake, and elimination in freshwater fish.
Arch.
Environ.
Contam.
Toxicol. 16: 607. |
| 377 | Edwards, C.A. 1977.
Nature and origins of pollution of
aquatic systems by pesticides.
In: Pesticides in Aquatic
Environments.
M.A.
Q.
Khan, (ed.)
Plenum Press, N.Y. |
| 2002 | Flum, T.F. & Shannon, L.J. 1987.
The effects of three related
amides on microecosystem stability.
Ecotoxical.
Environ.
Saf.
13: 239. |
| 447 | Frear, D.E.H. & Boyd, J.E. 1967.
Use of Daphnia magna for
microbioassay of pesticides, I.J.Econom.
Entomol. 60: 1228 -
1238. |
| 3294 | Geiger, D.
L. et al. 1986.
Acute toxicities of organic
chemicals to fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) Vol. 3.
Center for Lake Superior Environmental Studies, University of
Wisconsin-Superior, Superior, Wisconsin, U.S.A., 328.
|
| 705 | Kenaga, E.E. 1979.
Acute and chronic toxicity of 75
pesticides to various animal species.
Down to earth 35(2): 25 -
31. |
| 730 | Knapek, R. & Lakola, S. 1974.
Einige Untersuchung der
toxischen Wirkung von Pestiziden im Wasser.
Tag.-Ber., Akad
Landwirtsch.
Wiss.
DDR, Berlin 126: 105 - 109. |
| 1589 | Lewis, R.J. & Sweet, D.V. 1984.
Registry of toxic effects of
chemical substances.
National Institute for Occupational Safety
and Health.
No. 83-107-4. |
| 2450 | Li, W.,Merrill, D.
E. & Haith, A. 1990.
Loading functions for
pesticide runoff.
Research Journal WPCF, 62(1): pp. 16 - 26. |
| 3105 | MITI 1992.
Biodegradation and bioaccumulation data of existing
chemicals based on the CSCL Japan.
Compild under the Safety
Division Basic Industries Bureau Ministry of International
Trade & Industry, Japan.
Edited by Chemicals Inspection &
Testing Institute, Japan.
|
| 1053 | Nishiuchi, Y. & Hashimoto, Y. 1967.
Toxicity of pesticide
ingredients to some fresh water organisms.
Botyu-Kagaku 32:
5-11. |
| 1740 | O'Sullivan, P.A. & Prendeville, G.N. 1977.
Studies on the rate
of root growth of intact seedlings in a herbicide medium.
Weed
Research 14(6): 345 - 348. |
| 1973 | Pilli.A., Carle, D.O., Kline.
E., Pickering.
Q. & Lazorchak.
J. 1988.
Effets of pollution on freshwater organisms.
JWPCF
60(6): 994 - 1065. |
| 2324 | Sabljic, A. 1987.
On the prediction of soil sorption
coefficients of organic pollutants from molecular structure:
application of molecular topology model.
Environ.
Sci.
Technol.
21: 358 - 366. |
| 1225 | Sanders, H.O. & Cope, O.B. 1966.
Toxicities of several
pesticides to two species of cladocerans.
Trans.
Am.
Fish Soc.
95: 165 - 169. |
| 1221 | Sanders, H.O. 1969.
Toxicity of pesticides to the Crustacean,
Gammarus lacustris.
Bureau of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife
technical paper 25, Government Printing Office, Washington,
D.C. |
| 1747 | Toth, J. & Milham, P.J. 1975.
Activated carbon and ash-carbon
effects on the adsorption and phytotoxicity of diuron.
Weed
Research 15(3): 171 - 176. |
| 1500 | Walsh, G.E. 1972.
Effects of herbicides on photosynthesis
and growth of marine unicellular algae.
Hyacinth Control J. 10:
45 - 48. |
