| Chemical |
1,1-dichloroethylene |
| CAS-number : |
75-35-4 |
| |
| Synonyms : |
| 1,1-dichloroethene |
| 1,1-dikloorieteeni |
| 1,1-dikloorietyleeni |
| vinylideenidikloridi |
| vinylidene dichloride |
| |
| Sumformula of the chemical : |
| C2H2Cl2 |
| EINECS-number : |
| 2008640 |
| |
| Uses : |
Adhesives; component of synthetic fibres; solvent
|
| |
| State and appearance : |
Colourless liquid.
|
| |
| Molecular weight : |
96.94 |
| |
| Vapor pressure, mmHg : |
| 500 |
20°C |
| |
| Water solubility, mg/l : |
| 200 |
20 °C |
| 980 |
MITI 1992 |
| |
| Melting point, °C : |
| -122.5 |
|
| -122.5 |
MITI 1992 |
| |
| Boiling point, °C : |
| 31.9 |
|
| 31.7 |
MITI 1992 |
| |
| Log octanol/water coefficient, log Pow : |
| 2.17 |
MITI 1992 |
| |
| Henry's law constant, Pa x m3/mol : |
| 2316 |
calc. Yaws et al. 1991 |
| |
| Volatilization : |
Evaporation from water (1 ppm, 25 °C): 50 % after 22 min; 90 %
after 89 min (Verschueren 1983).
|
| |
| Photochemical degradation in air : |
Photooxidation half-life in air:
9.9hr - 98.7hr,
based upon measured rate data for the vapor phase reaction with
hydroxyl radicals in air (Howard 1991).
|
| |
| Half-life in air, days : |
| 0.41 |
9.9hr - 98.7hr, |
| 4.11 |
based upon photooxidation half-life in air, |
| |
Howard 1991 |
| |
| Half-life in soil, days : |
| 28 |
4w - 6mo, |
| 180 |
scientific judgement based upon estimated |
| |
aqueous aaerobic biodegradation half-life, |
| |
Howard 1991 |
| |
| Half-life in water, days : |
| 28 |
4w - 6mo, |
| 180 |
in surface water, scientific judgement based upon |
| |
estimated aqueous aerobic biodegradation half-life, |
| 56 |
8w - 132d, |
| 132 |
in ground water, scientific judgement based upon |
| |
estimated aqueous aerobic biodegradation half-life |
| |
and anaerobic grab sample data for soil from |
| |
a ground water aquifer receiving landfill leachate, |
| |
Howard 1991 |
| |
| Aerobic degradation in water : |
Aerobic half-life:
4w - 6mo,
scientific judgement based upon acclimated aerobic soil
screening test data (Howard 1991).
|
| |
| Anaerobic degradation in water : |
Anaerobic half-life:
81d - 173d,
scientific judgement based upon anaerobic sediment grab sample
data (Howard 1991).
|
| |
| Total degradation in water : |
Biodegradation:
0% by BOD
period: 28d
substance: 9.7 mg/l
sludge: 2 mg/l
(MITI 1992)
|
| |
| Bioconcentration factor, fishes : |
| 2.5 |
2.5 - 6.4, 6w, Cyprinus carpio, conc 0.5 mg/l, |
| 6.4 |
|
| 13 |
< 13, 6w, Cyprinus carpio, conc 0.05 mg/l, |
| |
| LD50 values to mammals in oral exposure, mg/kg : |
| 200 |
orl-rat, Lewis & Sweet 1984 |
| |
| LC50 values to mammals in inhalation exposure, ppm : |
| 98 |
22hr, ihl-mus, Lewis & Sweet 1984 |
| |
| LDLo values to mammals in oral exposure, mg/kg : |
| 5750 |
orl-dog, Lewis & Sweet 1984 |
| |
| LDLo values to mammals in non-oral exposure , mg/kg : |
| 225 |
ivn-dog, Lewis & Sweet 1984 |
| 3700 |
scu-rbt |
| |
| LCLo values to mammals in inhalation exposure, ppm : |
| 10000 |
24hr, ihl-rat, Lewis & Sweet 1984 |
| |
| TDLo values to mammals in non-oral exposure , mg/kg : |
| 4840 |
skn-mus, Lewis & Sweet 1984 |
| |
| TCLo values to mammals in inhalation exposure, ppm : |
| 25 |
ihl-hmn, Lewis & Sweet 1984 |
| 55 |
ihl-rat |
| 55 |
ihl-mus |
| |
| Carcinogenicity : |
NTP carcinogenesis bioassay completed: results negative; mus, rat
(Lewis & Sweet 1984).
|
| |
| Effects on wastewater treatment : |
Removal/secondary treatment:
58% - 92%,
based upon % degraded under aerobic continuous flow conditions
(Howard 1991).
|
| |
| EC50 values to algae, mg/l : |
| 410 |
96hr, grw, Scenedesmus subspicatus |
| |
Geyer et al. 1985 |
| |
| NOEC values to algae, mg/l : |
| 56 |
<56mg/l, 96hr, Selenastrum capricornutum, AQUIRE 1994 |
| |
| LC50 values to crustaceans, mg/l : |
| 79 |
48 hr, Daphnia magna, LeBlanc 1980 |
| |
| LC50 values to fishes, mg/l : |
| 74 |
96 hr, Lepomis macrochirus, Buccafusco |
| |
et al. 1981 |
| |
-- |
| 220 |
96hr, Lepomis macrochirus |
| 250 |
96hr, Menidia audens |
| |
Dawson et al. 1977 |
| |
-- |
| 108 |
96hr,Pimephales promelas |
| |
Dill et al. 1980 |
| |
-- |
| 250 |
96hr, Cyprinodon variegatus |
| |
Heitmüller et al. 1981 |
| |
-- |
| 220 |
96hr, Lepomis macrochirus |
| |
Dawson et al. 1977 |
| |
-- |
| 20 |
> 20, 48hr, Oryzias latipes, MITI 1992 |
References |
| 3107 | AQUIRE 1993 -.
Aquatic Toxity Information Retrieval Database.
U.S.Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Pesticides and
Toxic Substances, Washington, D.C.
|
| 207 | Buccafusco, R.J., Ells, S.J. & LeBlanc, G.A. 1981.
Acute
toxicity of priority pollutants to bluegill (Lepomis
macrochirus).
Bull.
Environ.
Contam.
Toxicol. 26: 446 - 452. |
| 327 | Dawson, G.W., Jennings, A.L., Drozdowski, D. & Rider, E.
1977a.
The acute toxicity of 47 industrial chemicals to fresh
and saltwater fishes.
J.
Hazardous Materials 1 (1975/77): 303
- 318. |
| 328 | Dawson, V.K. et al. 1977b.
Efficiency of
3-trifluoromethyl-4-nitrophenol (TFM),
2',5-dichloro-4'-nitrosalicylanilide (Bayer 73), and a 98:2
mixture as lampricides in laboratory studies.
Investigations in Fish Control No. 77, U.S.
Dept.
Int., Fish &
Wildlife Serv., Washington, D.C. |
| 339 | Dill, D.C. et al. 1980.
Toxicity of 1,1-dichloroethylene
(vinylidene chloride) to aquatic organisms.
PB81-111098, U.S.
Dept.
Commerce, NTIS, Springfield, Va. |
| 1770 | Geyer, H.
Scheunert, I. & Korte, F. 1985.
The effects of
organic environmental chemicals on the growth of the alga
Scenedesmus subspicatus: A contribution to Environmental
Biology.
Chemosphere 14: 1355. |
| 564 | Heitmuller, P.T., Hollister, T.A. & Parrish, P.R. 1981.
Acute
toxicity of 54 industrial chemicals to sheepshead minnows
(Cyprinodon variegatus).
Bull.
Environm.
Contam.
Toxicol. 27:
596 - 604. |
| 3120 | Howard, P.H., Boethling, R.S., Jarvis, W.F., Meylan, W.M. &
Michalenko, E.M., Handbook of Environmental Degradation Rates,
1991.
Lewis Publicers, Inc., Chelsea, Michigan, U.S.A.,
pp. 725.
|
| 798 | LeBlanc, G.A. 1980.
Acute toxicity of priority pollutants
to water flea (Daphnia magna).
Bull.
Environm.
Contam.
Toxicol. 24: 684 - 691. |
| 1589 | Lewis, R.J. & Sweet, D.V. 1984.
Registry of toxic effects of
chemical substances.
National Institute for Occupational Safety
and Health.
No. 83-107-4. |
| 3105 | MITI 1992.
Biodegradation and bioaccumulation data of existing
chemicals based on the CSCL Japan.
Compild under the Safety
Division Basic Industries Bureau Ministry of International
Trade & Industry, Japan.
Edited by Chemicals Inspection &
Testing Institute, Japan.
|
| 1468 | Verschueren, K. 1983.
Handbook of environmental data of
organic chemicals.
Van Nostrand Reinhold Co.
Inc., New York.
1310 s. |
| 3030 | Yaws, C., Yang, H-C. & Pan, X. 1991.
Henry's law constants for
362 organic compounds in water.
Chemical Engineering.
November.
p 179 - 185. |
